A patient’s story
David, a 52-year-old professional living in west London, booked a review at LSDC Clinic after months of chest discomfort and a constant burning sensation behind his breastbone. He worried about his heart, yet cardiology tests were normal. He then began to notice food coming back into his throat, especially at night, along with difficulty swallowing tablets.
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Like many patients, David felt confused by the different terms used. Some clinicians said acid reflux, others mentioned GERD, and NHS letters referred to GORD. Understanding the condition clearly made a significant difference to how he viewed his symptoms and next steps.
What is GERD or GORD?
GERD and GORD describe the same condition. GERD is the American term, while GORD, gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, is commonly used in the UK.
The condition occurs when stomach acid flows back into the oesophagus, the tube connecting the mouth to the stomach. This backflow irritates the oesophageal lining and leads to symptoms.
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The underlying issue usually involves the lower oesophageal sphincter, a muscular valve that should prevent stomach contents from moving upwards. When this valve weakens or relaxes inappropriately, reflux occurs.
Common symptoms of acid reflux
Symptoms vary widely between individuals. At LSDC Clinic, we regularly see patients with:
Heartburn
Regurgitation
Chest discomfort
Difficulty swallowing
Throat irritation or chronic cough
Symptoms that worsen when lying down
Not everyone experiences classic burning pain. Some patients mainly report throat or respiratory symptoms.
What acid reflux is not
Acid reflux is not:
A heart condition
Always caused by diet alone
Something that should be ignored long term
Persistent reflux can damage the oesophagus and increase the risk of complications if left unassessed.
Why assessment matters
Long-standing reflux can lead to:
Inflammation of the oesophagus
Narrowing or scarring
Barrett’s oesophagus, a change in the oesophageal lining
Increased cancer risk in a small subgroup of patients
This does not mean reflux is dangerous for everyone, but it does mean proper diagnosis and monitoring matter.
How acid reflux is diagnosed
At LSDC Clinic in central London, diagnosis begins with a careful clinical assessment. When needed, we may recommend further investigations to clarify severity and mechanism.
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These may include:
Endoscopy, to assess oesophageal lining and complications
pH monitoring, to measure acid exposure
Bravo pH testing, which records acid levels over several days
Oesophageal high-resolution manometry, to assess swallowing mechanics and valve function
Each test answers a different clinical question. We select investigations based on symptoms rather than routine.
Barrett’s oesophagus explained simply
Barrett’s oesophagus occurs when repeated acid exposure causes the normal lining of the lower oesophagus to change. This represents an adaptive response to irritation, not cancer itself.
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Some patients develop dysplasia, which requires closer monitoring. Identifying Barrett’s early allows appropriate surveillance and reduces long-term risk.
Reflux, weight, and pressure on the stomach
Excess body weight increases pressure within the abdomen. This pressure can worsen reflux by overwhelming the lower oesophageal sphincter.
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At LSDC, we address weight as one factor among many, never as the sole explanation. Reflux affects people across all body types.
When surgery enters the conversation
Surgery is not first-line care for reflux. It may be considered when:
Symptoms persist despite appropriate medical management
Significant anatomical issues exist
Objective testing confirms reflux as the cause
Options such as fundoplication or newer interventions aim to improve the barrier between the stomach and oesophagus. Any discussion about surgery follows structured testing and specialist review.
A structured approach at LSDC Clinic
We manage reflux using a stepwise, assessment-led approach that focuses on:
Symptom pattern
Objective testing where appropriate
Identifying complications early
Coordinating care between gastroenterology and other specialties when needed
This approach avoids over-treatment while ensuring important diagnoses are not missed.
When to seek specialist review
You should consider medical assessment if:
Reflux symptoms persist or worsen
Swallowing becomes difficult
Chest pain feels unexplained
Symptoms disturb sleep
You have long-standing reflux requiring ongoing reassurance
Clear answers reduce uncertainty and anxiety.
Speak to a clinician about reflux symptoms
LSDC provides high-quality private services in central London, offering thorough medical assessment, treatment, and referral when needed. Whether you require clinical evaluation, ongoing care, or specialist coordination, our experienced clinicians are here to support you with clarity and professionalism.