Chest pain can be a scary symptom, causing many people to worry that they are having a heart attack. However, chest pain can have a wide range of causes, including non-cardiac issues. In this article, we will explore non-cardiac chest pain, including its causes, symptoms, and treatments.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common digestive condition that affects millions of people worldwide. It is estimated that 10 – 15 percent of the population has IBS. This condition is not limited to a specific age group and can affect people of all ages, although most people affected by IBS are under 50.

The symptoms of IBS can be distressing and can include bloating, flatulence, tiredness, stomach cramps, diarrhoea or, in some cases, constipation. The symptoms can be intermittent or ongoing and can affect people moderately or more severely, with some people finding that their symptoms interfere with daily life. Women may find that their symptoms are worse during their time of menstruation or if they have continuous symptoms.

Doctors do not fully understand the causes of IBS, but there is a strong association with diet and stress, leading to oversensitivity of the nerves in the gut. This oversensitivity may cause food to pass through the gut too quickly or too slowly, leading to diarrhoea or constipation. There may also be hereditary factors that make it more likely for you to develop IBS, or a previous bacterial infection in the gut, known as post-infectious IBS. Doctors have some understanding of the physical process in the gut which leads to symptoms, including a slowing down of movements in the large intestine which causes cramping, and abnormal serotonin levels in the large intestine, which affects bowel movements.

There is no known cure for IBS, but it can be managed with lifestyle changes and medication. If you suspect that you have IBS, it is important to see an IBS specialist. An IBS specialist is a gastroenterologist who specializes in diagnosing and treating IBS. IBS shares symptoms with other conditions, so it is crucial to rule out other similar conditions. An IBS specialist will not only diagnose your condition but also give you detailed advice on how to manage it.

To diagnose IBS, you will need to tell the IBS specialist about the kinds of symptoms you are experiencing, when they started, and whether they are occasional or happening all the time. You will also need to let them know if your symptoms are worse after eating particular kinds of food. Keeping a food diary plus a note of your symptoms will help you remember this information and manage the problem later. Because the causes of IBS are unclear, there is no actual test for the condition. Your doctor may run blood tests and take stool samples to rule out an infection, coeliac disease or inflammatory bowel disease. Once these other causes are ruled out, your doctor can give you an IBS diagnosis.

In conclusion, IBS is a common condition that can affect anyone, and its symptoms can be distressing. However, it can be managed with lifestyle changes and medication. If you suspect that you have IBS, it is important to seek the advice of an IBS specialist who can diagnose your condition and provide you with the necessary information to manage it effectively. Remember, self-diagnosis is not a good idea, and it is essential to rule out other similar conditions to receive an accurate diagnosis.

Piles or hemorrhoids are swollen veins in the anus and lower rectum that can cause discomfort, pain, and bleeding. They are a common condition and affect millions of people worldwide.

There are two types of hemorrhoids: internal and external. Internal hemorrhoids are located inside the rectum and are usually painless. External hemorrhoids are located under the skin around the anus and can cause itching, pain, and bleeding.

Common causes of hemorrhoids include straining during bowel movements, sitting for long periods of time, constipation, and a low-fiber diet. Pregnancy and obesity can also increase the risk of developing hemorrhoids.

Symptoms of hemorrhoids may include itching or burning in the anal area, pain or discomfort during bowel movements, bright red blood in the stool or on toilet paper, and a lump or swelling near the anus.

Treatment for hemorrhoids often begins with lifestyle modifications, such as increasing fiber and fluid intake, and avoiding straining during bowel movements. Over-the-counter creams and ointments, as well as warm baths, can also help relieve symptoms. In severe cases, surgical procedures, such as hemorrhoidectomy, may be necessary.

If you have symptoms of hemorrhoids, it is important to see a healthcare provider for an accurate diagnosis and proper treatment. Early diagnosis and treatment can help reduce the risk of complications and improve quality of life.

H pylori (Helicobacter pylori) is a type of bacteria that can infect the lining of the stomach. This bacteria is a common cause of gastritis (inflammation of the stomach lining), peptic ulcers, and even stomach cancer. H. pylori infections are usually acquired during childhood and are often asymptomatic, meaning that many people infected with the bacteria don’t experience any symptoms. However, in some cases, H. pylori infections can cause symptoms such as heartburn, nausea, bloating, and abdominal pain. Treatment for H. pylori typically involves a combination of antibiotics and acid-reducing medications.